鍚�愛鍖栧悎(hao)鐗(jian)╁凣鎴愪負鐜��鐨勪富瑕佹(gui)薄鏌撴簮錛屽簾姘翠腑(fu)姘ㄦ愛鐨勫幓闄(yao)ょ巼鏄�€冨療姘邨�鐞嗘晥鏋(man)滅殑涓昬�鎸囨爣涔嬩竴銆� 

1 姘ㄦ愛搴熸按鐨勬潵婧�
鍚�愛鐗╄川(chuan)榪涘叆姘寸幆澧冪殑閫斿緞涓昬�鍖呮嫭鑷(nie)�劧榪囩▼鍜屼漢綾繪椿鍔ㄤ袱涓(juan)�柟闈€€�

鑷�劧鏉ユ簮(zan)鍜岃繃紼嬩富瑕佸寘鎷�檷姘撮檷(ni)灝(hao)樸€侀潪甯(ning)傚尯寰勬祦鍜岀敓鐗╁浐姘�瓑銆�

浜虹(hong)被鐨勬椿鍔ㄤ富瑕佸寘鎷�湭澶勭悊鎴(xi)栧�鐞嗚繃鐨勫煄甯傜敓媧誨拰宸ヤ笟(gu)搴熸按銆佸悇(tu)縐嶆蹈婊ゆ恫鍜(xia)屽湴琛ㄥ緞嫻佺瓑銆備漢(han)宸ュ悎鎴愮(yao)殑鍖栧�鑲(xiang)ユ枡鏄�按浣撲腑姘�惀鍏誨厓緔犵殑涓昬�鏉ユ簮錛屽ぇ閲忔(qi)湭琚(ju)�啘浣滅墿鍒╃敤鐨(fei)勬愛(ai)鍖栧悎鐗╃粷(ju)澶ч儴鍒(rou)嗚�鍐滅敯鎺掓按(an)鍜屽湴琛ㄥ緞嫻佸甫鍏ュ湴(ban)涓嬫按(an)鍜屽湴琛ㄦ按(an)涓(juan)�€�

姘�湪(tuan)搴熸按涓�互鏈夋満鎬(hao)佹愛銆佹皚鎬佹愛(ai)錛圢H4+-N錛夈€佺�鎬佹愛錛圢O3--N錛変(bian)互鍙婁簹紜濇€佹愛錛圢O2--N錛夌瓑澶氱�褰㈠紡瀛樺湪(tuan)錛岃€屾皚鎬佹(gui)愛鏄�渶(ying)涓昬�鐨勫瓨鍦ㄥ艦寮(liao)忎箣涓€銆傚簾(lian)姘翠腑鐨勬皚姘�槸鎸囦互娓哥�姘ㄥ拰紱誨瓙閾靛艦寮忓(gan)瓨鍦ㄧ殑姘�紝涓昬�鏉ユ簮浜(bang)庣敓媧繪薄姘翠腑鍚�愛鏈夋満鐗╃殑鍒嗚В錛岀(chu)劍(jian)鍖栥€佸悎鎴愭皚絳夊伐涓氬簾姘達紝浠ュ強鍐滅敯鎺掓按絳夈€傛(yong)皚姘(pin)�薄鏌撴簮澶氾紝鎺掓斁閲忓ぇ錛屽苟涓旀帓(mo)鏀劇殑嫻撳害鍙樺寲澶с€�

2 姘ㄦ愛搴(qian)熸按鐨勫嵄瀹�
姘寸幆澧冧腑瀛樺湪榪囬噺鐨勬(juan)皚姘�細閫犳垚(yao)澶(chan)氭柟闈㈢殑鏈夊�褰(qian)卞搷錛�
錛�1錛夌敱浜嶯H4+-N鐨勬哀鍖栵紝浼氶(zheng)€犳垚(yao)姘翠(cui)綋涓�憾瑙ｆ哀嫻撳害闄嶄綆錛屽�鑷存按浣撳彂(fa)榛戝彂鑷�紝姘磋川涓嬮檷錛屽�姘寸敓鍔ㄦ�鐗╃殑鐢(fan)熷瓨閫犳垚褰卞搷銆傚湪(tuan)鏈(lian)夊埄鐨勭幆澧冩(xie)潯浠朶笅錛屽簾姘翠腑鎵€鍚�殑鏈夋(qun)満姘�皢浼氳漿鍖栨垚NH4+-N錛孨H4+-N鏄�繕鍘熷姏鏈€寮虹殑鏃犳満姘(pin)�艦鎬侊紝浼(mei)氳繘涓€姝ヨ漿鍖栨垚(yao)NO2--N鍜孨O3
--N銆(mo)傛牴鎹�敓鍖栧(yi)弽搴旇(pi)�閲忓叧緋伙紝1gNH4+-N姘у寲鎴怤(fu)O2--N娑堣€楁(he)哀姘(pin)�3.43 g錛屾哀鍖栨垚NO3--N鑰楁哀4.57g銆�
錛�2錛夋按涓�愛緔犲(chai)惈閲忓お澶氫(qing)細瀵艱嚧姘翠綋瀵岃惀鍏誨寲錛岃繘鑰岄€犳垚涓€緋(fei)誨垪鐨勪弗閲嶅悗鏋溿€傜(yao)敱浜庢愛鐨勫瓨鍦�紝鑷翠嬌鍏(wei)夊悎寰�敓鐗╋紙澶у�鏁頒負钘葷被錛夌殑(qing)鏁伴噺澧(li)炲姞錛屽嵆姘翠綋(hong)鍙戠(zhi)敓瀵岃惀鍏誨(hui)寲鐜拌薄錛岀粨鏋滈€犳垚錛氬牭濉炴護姹狅(kuang)紝閫犳垚婊ゆ睜榪愯漿鍛ㄦ湡緙╃煭(lie)錛屼粠鑰屽�鍔犱簡姘邨�鐞嗙殑璐圭敤錛(ben)涘Θ紕嶆(cao)按涓婅繍鍔�紱钘(xing)葷被浠ｈ阿(a)鐨勬渶緇堜駭鐗╁彲浜х敓寮(liao)曡擣(dao)鏈(lian)夎壊搴﹀拰鍛抽亾鐨勫(fan)寲鍚堢墿錛涚敱浜庤摑-緇(zi)胯椈綾諱駭鐢熺殑姣掔(qian)礌(lei)錛屽�鐣滄崯浼わ紝楸肩被姝諱骸錛涚敱浜庤椈綾葷殑鑵愮儌錛屼(wu)嬌姘翠綋涓�嚭鐜(dui)版哀浜忕幇(bang)璞°€�
錛�3錛夋按涓�殑NO2--N鍜孨(zhuan)O3--N瀵逛漢鍜屾按鐢熺敓鐗╂湁杈冨ぇ鐨勫嵄瀹充綔鐢ㄣ€傞暱鏈(lian)熼ギ鐢∟O3--N鍚�噺(xin)瓚呰繃(beng)10mg/L鐨勬按錛屼細鍙戠敓(duo)楂橀搧琛€綰㈣泲(ji)鐧界棁錛(ben)屽(han)綋琛€娑蹭腑楂(zha)橀搧琛€綰㈣泲(ji)鐧藉惈閲忚揫鍒�70mg/L錛屽(han)嵆鍙戠敓紿(dai)掓伅銆傛按涓�殑NO2--N鍜岃兒浣滅敤浼氱敓(duo)鎴愪簹(dang)紜(yun)濊兒(er)錛岃(ren)€屼簹紜濊兒鏄�€滀笁鑷粹€濈墿璐ㄣ€侼H4+-N鍜屾隘鍙嶅簲浼(mei)氱(yang)敓鎴愭隘鑳猴(hou)紝姘�兒鐨(fei)勬秷姣掍綔鐢ㄦ瘮鑷�敱姘�皬錛屽(han)洜姝(shu)ゅ綋鏈塏H4+-N瀛樺湪鏃譌紝姘(pin)邨�鐞嗗巶(zhao)灝嗛渶瑕佹洿澶х殑鍔犳(zhuo)隘閲忥紝浠庤€屽�鍔犲�鐞嗘垚鏈(lian)�€� 

3 姘ㄦ愛搴熸(jian)按澶勭(tong)悊鐨勪富瑕佹妧(wan)鏈�
鐩�墠錛屽浗鍐呭�姘ㄦ愛搴熸按澶勭悊鏈夋姌(ran)鐐(liao)槼隘鍖栨硶銆佸寲瀛(ying)︽矇娣€娉曘€佺�瀛愪氦鎹㈡硶銆(mo)佸惞(xin)鑴辨硶鍜岀敓鐗╄劚姘ㄦ硶絳夊�縐(zhou)嶆柟娉曪紝榪欎簺鎶€鏈�彲鍒嗕負鐗╃悊鍖栧�娉曞拰鐢熺墿鑴辨愛鎶€鏈�袱澶х被銆�
 

3.1 鐢熺墿(yi)鑴辨愛娉�
寰�敓鐗╁幓闄ゆ皚姘�繃紼嬮渶緇忎袱涓�樁孌點€傜�涓€闃舵�涓虹(hong)�鍖栬繃(beng)紼嬶(bi)紝浜氱�鍖栬弻鍜岀�鍖栬弻鍦ㄦ湁姘ф潯浠朶(duo)笅灝嗘皚鎬佹愛杞�寲涓轟簹紜濇€佹(gui)愛鍜岀�鎬佹愛鐨勮繃紼嬨(ci)€傜�浜岄樁(zhuang)孌典(dian)負鍙嶇�鍖栬繃(beng)紼嬶紝姹℃按涓�殑紜(yun)濇€佹愛(ai)鍜屼簹紜濇€佹愛鍦ㄦ棤姘ф垨浣庢(zhi)哀鏉′歡涓嬶紝琚�弽(she)紜濆寲鑿岋紙寮(liao)傚(xiao)吇銆佽嚜鍏誨井鐢熺墿鍧囨湁鍙戠幇涓旂�綾誨緢澶氾級榪樺師杞�寲涓烘愛姘斻€傚湪姝よ繃紼嬩腑錛(ben)屾湁鏈虹墿錛堢(bao)敳(ai)閱囥€佷箼(wu)閰搞€佽憽钀勭硸絳夛級浣滀負鐢靛瓙渚涗綋琚�哀鍖栬€屾彁渚涜兘閲忋€傚父瑙佺殑(qing)鐢熺墿鑴辨愛嫻佺▼鍙�互(hu)鍒嗕負3綾伙(huo)紝鍒嗗埆鏄��綰ф薄娉ョ郴緇熴€佸崟(yin)綰ф薄娉ョ郴緇(zi)熷拰鐢熺墿鑶滅郴緇熴€�

3.1.1 澶氱駭姹℃償緋葷(hun)粺
姝ゆ祦(wu)紼嬪彲(chi)浠ュ緱鍒扮浉褰(qian)撳ソ鐨凚OD5鍘婚(hun)櫎鏁堟灉鍜岃劚姘(pin)�晥鏋滐紝鍏剁己鐐槼槸嫻佺▼闀褲€佹(gui)瀯絳戠墿澶氥€佸熀(huang)寤鴻垂鐢ㄩ珮銆侀渶瑕佸(huo)�鍔犵⒊婧(jing)愩€佽(ci)繍琛岃垂鐢ㄩ珮銆佸嚭姘翠腑孌嬬(ru)暀(wang)涓€瀹(yue)氶(zheng)噺鐢査唶(ze)絳夈€�

3.1.2 鍗曠(kuang)駭姹℃償緋葷粺
鍗曠駭姹℃償緋葷粺鐨勫艦寮忓寘鎷�墠緗(xiang)�弽紜濆寲緋(fei)葷粺銆佸悗(man)緗�弽(she)紜濆寲緋葷粺鍙婁氦鏇垮(kua)伐浣滅郴緇熴€傚(xiao)墠緗�弽(she)紜濆寲鐨勭敓鐗╄劚姘�祦紼嬶紝閫氬父縐頒負A/O嫻佺▼涓庝紶緇熺(xi)殑鐢熺墿鑴辨愛宸ヨ壓嫻佺▼鐩告瘮錛孉(quan)/O宸ヨ壓(ya)鍏鋒湁嫻(xian)佺(quan)▼綆€鍗曘€佹瀯絳(jiang)戠墿灝戙€佸熀寤(wu)鴻(hong)垂(chui)鐢ㄤ綆銆佷笉闇(an)€澶栧姞紕蟲簮銆佸嚭姘存按璐ㄩ珮絳変紭鐐廣€傚悗(man)緗�紡(fang)鍙嶇(qu)�鍖栫郴緇燂紝鍥犱(ji)負娣峯悎娑茬己涔忔湁鏈虹墿錛屼(wu)竴鑸(lei)�繕闇€瑕佷漢宸ユ姇鍔(e)犵⒊婧愶紝(ren)浣嗚劚姘�殑鏁堟灉鍙�珮浜庡墠緗(xiang)�紡錛(ben)岀悊璁轟笂鍙�帴榪�100%鐨(fei)勮劚姘�€備氦鏇垮(kua)伐(fa)浣滅殑(qing)鐢熺墿(yi)鑴辨(bian)愛嫻佺▼涓昬�鐢變袱涓�覆鑱旀睜瀛愮粍鎴愶紝閫氳繃鏀槼崲榪涙按鍜屽嚭姘寸(cun)殑鏂(ou)瓌悜錛屼袱涓�睜瀛愪氦鏇垮湪緙烘哀鍜屽ソ姘х殑鏉′歡涓嬭繍琛屻€傝�緋(fei)葷(hun)粺(bai)鏈�川(chuan)涓婁粛鏄疉/O緋葷粺錛屼(wu)絾鍏(wei)跥埄鐢ㄤ氦鏇垮伐浣滅殑鏂瓌(gui)紡(fang)錛岄伩(xin)鍏嶄(zhan)簡娣峯悎娑茬殑鍥炴祦錛(ben)屽洜鑰岃劚姘�晥鏋(man)滀紭浜庝竴鑸珹/O嫻佺(quan)▼銆傚叾緙虹偣鏄�繍琛岀�鐞嗚垂鐢ㄨ緝楂橈紝涓斾竴鑸(lei)�繀欏婚厤緗��綆楁満鎺у埗鑷�姩鎿嶄綔緋葷粺銆(mo)�

3.1.3 鐢熺墿鑶滅郴(chen)緇�
灝嗕笂榪癆/O緋葷(hun)粺涓�殑緙烘哀姹犲拰濂芥哀姹犳敼涓(juan)鬨浐瀹(yue)氱敓鐗╄啘鍙嶅(ao)簲鍣�紝(ren)鍗衝艦(jian)鎴愮(yao)敓鐗╄啘鑴辨愛(ai)緋葷(hun)粺銆傛�緋葷粺涓�簲鏈夋販鍚堟恫鍥炴祦錛屼絾涓(juan)嶉(cui)渶姹℃償鍥炴祦錛屽湪緙烘哀鐨勫ソ姘у弽搴斿櫒涓(juan)�繚瀛樹簡閫傚簲浜(bang)庡(yi)弽紜濆寲鍜屽ソ姘ф哀鍖栧強紜濆寲鍙嶅簲鐨勪袱涓�薄娉ョ郴緇熴€�
 

3.2 鐗(jian)╁寲闄ゆ愛(ai)
鐗╁寲闄ゆ愛(ai)甯哥敤鐨勭墿鐞嗗寲瀛︽柟(nan)娉曟湁鎶樼(zhen)偣姘�寲娉曘€佸(huo)寲瀛︽矇娣€娉曘€佺�瀛愪氦鎹㈡硶銆佸惞鑴辨(bian)硶銆佹恫鑶滄硶銆佺數娓楁瀽娉曞拰鍌�寲娿(e)垮紡姘у寲(yi)娉曠瓑銆�

3.2.1 鎶樼偣姘�寲娉�
涓嶈繛緇(zi)�偣姘�寲娉曟槸姘у寲娉曞�鐞嗘皚姘�簾姘寸殑涓€縐嶏紝鍒╃敤鍦ㄦ按涓(juan)�殑姘ㄤ笌姘�弽(she)搴(qian)旂敓(duo)鎴(xi)愭愛姘旇€屽皢姘翠腑姘ㄥ幓闄ょ殑鍖栧�澶勭悊娉曘€傝�鏂槼硶榪樺彲浠ヨ擣鍒版潃鑿屼(wu)綔鐢�紝鍚屾椂浣(huan)誇竴閮ㄥ垎鏈夋満鐗╂棤(cuo)鏈鬨寲錛屼絾緇(zi)忔隘(ai)鍖栧�鐞嗗悗鐨勫嚭姘翠(cui)腑鐣欐(li)湁浣欐隘錛(ben)岃繕搴旇繘(yu)涓€姝ヨ劚姘��鐞嗐€�
 

鍦ㄥ惈(guo)鏈夋皚(ai)鐨勬(juan)按涓�姇(fu)鍔犳�姘�吀HClO錛屽綋pH鍊煎湪(tuan)涓�€ч檮榪(ma)戞椂錛岄殢嬈℃隘閰哥殑鎶(ge)曞姞錛岄€愭�榪涜�涓(juan)嬭堪涓昬�鍙嶅簲錛�
NH3 + HClO 鈫扤H2Cl + H2O 鈶�
NH2Cl + HClO 鈫� NHCl2 + H2O 鈶(si)�
NH2Cl + NHCl2 鈫扤2 + 3H+ + 3Cl- 鈶�
鎶曞姞姘(pin)�噺鍜屾皚姘(pin)�箣(ce)姣旓紙綆(geng)€縐癈(fei)l/N錛夊湪5.07浠ヤ笅(jiao)鏃譌紝棣栧厛(ting)榪涜�鈶犲紡鍙嶅簲(pai)錛(ben)岀敓鎴愪竴(cun)姘�兒錛圢H2Cl錛(ben)夛紝姘翠腑浣欐隘嫻撳害澧炲ぇ錛屽叾鍚庯紝(ren)闅忕(shi)潃嬈℃隘閰告姇鍔犻噺鐨勫�鍔狅紝涓€姘�兒鎸(juan)夆憽寮忚繘琛屽弽搴旓紝(ren)鐢熸垚浜屾隘鑳猴紙NHCl2錛(ben)夛紝鍚屾椂榪涜�鈶㈠紡鍙嶅簲錛(ben)屾按涓�殑N鍛圢(ting)2琚�幓闄ゃ€傚叾緇撴(dun)灉鏄�紝姘(pin)翠腑鐨勪綑姘�祿搴(qian)﹂殢Cl/N鐨勫�澶ц€屽噺(xin)灝忥(xi)紝褰揅l/N姣斿€艱揫鍒版煇涓�暟鍊間互涓婃椂錛屽洜鏈�弽搴旇€屾畫鐣欑殑嬈℃隘閰革紙(zhi)鍗蟲(chong)父紱諱綑姘�級澧炲�錛屾按涓(juan)�畫鐣欎綑姘�殑嫻撳害鍐(zong)嶆(cao)�澧炲ぇ錛岃繖涓�渶灝忓€肩殑鐐圭О涓轟笉榪炵畫鐐癸紙涔犳儻縐頒負鎶樼偣錛夈€傛�鏃剁(duo)殑Cl/N姣旀寜鐞嗚(wu)�璁＄畻涓�7.6錛涘簾姘邨�鐞嗕(ru)腑鍥犱負姘�笌搴熸按涓�殑鏈夋(qun)満鐗╁弽搴旓紝C1/N姣斿簲姣旂悊璁鬨€�7.6楂(zha)樹簺錛岄€氬父涓�10銆傛�澶(chan)栵紝褰損H涓嶅湪涓�€ц寖鍥存椂錛岄(yue)吀鎬ф潯(xun)浠(xi)朶笅澶氱敓鎴愪笁姘�兒錛屽湪紕辨€ф潯浠朶笅鐢熸垚紜濋吀錛岃劚姘�晥鐜囬檷浣庛€�
 

鍦╬H鍊間負6鍀�7銆佹瘡mg姘(pin)ㄦ愛姘�姇鍔犻噺涓�10mg銆佹帴瑙�0.5鍀(de)�2.0h鐨勬儏鍐典笅錛屾皚姘�殑鍘婚櫎鐜囦負90%鍀�100%銆(mo)傚洜姝(shu)ゆ�娉曞�浣庢(zhi)祿搴︽皚姘�簾姘撮(cuo)€傜敤(ke)銆�
 

澶勭(tong)悊鏃舵墍闇(an)€鐨勫疄闄呮隘姘旈噺鍙栧喅浜庢頫搴︺€乸H鍙婃皚姘�祿搴︺€傛哀(ai)鍖栨(ci)瘡mg姘ㄦ愛(ai)鏈夋椂闇€瑕�9鍀(de)�10mg姘�皵鎶樼偣錛屾隘鍖(chen)栨硶澶勭悊鍚(yang)庣殑鍑(fu)烘按鍦ㄦ帓鏀懼墠涓€鑸�渶鐢(fan)ㄦ椿鎬х偔鎴朣O2榪涜�鍙嶆隘(ai)鍖栵紝浠ラ櫎(huang)鍘繪按涓�畫浣欑(cuan)殑姘�€傝櫧鐒舵隘鍖栨(ci)硶鍙(hu)嶅簲榪呴€燂紝鎵€闇€璁懼�鎶(ge)曡(die)祫灝戯紝浣嗘恫姘(pin)�殑瀹夊叏浣跨敤鍜岃串(chuan)瀛樿�姹傞(suo)珮錛屼笖澶勭悊鎴愭(qi)湰涔熻緝楂樸(pu)€傝嫢鐢(fan)ㄦ�姘�吀鎴(xi)栦簩姘у寲姘�彂鐢熻�緗�唬鏇挎恫(dong)姘�紝浼氭洿瀹夊叏涓(juan)旇繍琛岃垂鐢ㄥ彲浠ラ檷浣庯紝鐩�墠鍥藉(ji)唴鐨勬隘(ai)鍙戠敓瑁呯疆鐨勪駭(hai)姘�噺澶�皬錛屼笖浠鋒牸鏄(tuan)傝吹(chui)銆傚洜姝ゆ隘(ai)鍖(chen)栨硶涓€鑸�€傜敤浜庣粰姘寸(cun)殑澶勭悊錛屼笉澶�€傚悎澶勭悊澶ф按閲忛珮嫻撳害鐨勬(juan)皚姘�簾姘淬€�
 

3.2.2 鍖栧�娌(li)夋穩(wen)娉�
鍖栧�娌夋穩娉(ping)曟槸寰€姘翠腑鎶曞姞鏌愮�鍖栧�鑽�墏錛屼笌姘翠(cui)腑鐨勬憾瑙ｆ€х墿璐ㄥ彂(fa)鐢熷弽(she)搴旓紝鐢熸垚闅炬憾浜(bang)庢(zhi)按鐨勭洂綾伙紝褰㈡垚娌夋福鏄撳幓闄わ紝(ren)浠庤€岄檷浣庢按涓�憾瑙ｆ€х墿璐(lu)ㄧ殑(qing)鍚�噺銆傚綋鍦ㄥ惈鏈塏H4+鐨勫簾姘翠腑鍔犲叆(ai)PO43-鍜(xia)孧g2+紱誨瓙鏃譌紝浼氬彂鐢熷�涓嬪弽搴旓細
NH4+ + PO43- + Mg2+ 鈫� MgNH4PO4鈫� 鈶ｇ敓鎴(xi)愰(huang)毦婧朶簬姘寸殑(qing)MgNH4PO4娌夋穩鐗╋紝浠(xi)庤€岃揫鍒(rou)闆幓闄ゆ按(an)涓�皚姘�殑鐩�殑銆(mo)傞(suo)噰鐢ㄧ殑甯謌�娌夋穩鍓傛(yong)槸Mg(OH)2鍜孒(jue)3PO4錛岄€傚疁鐨刾H鍊(lian)艱寖鍥翠負9.0鍀�11錛屾姇(fu)鍔犺川閲忔瘮H3PO4/Mg(OH)2涓�1.5鍀�3.5銆(mo)傚簾姘翠腑姘ㄦ愛(ai)嫻撳害灝(hao)忎簬900mg/L鏃譌紝鍘(zha)婚櫎(huang)鐜囧湪90%浠ヤ笂錛屾矇娣€鐗╂槸涓(juan)€縐嶅緢(miao)濂界殑澶(chan)嶅悎(hao)鑲ユ枡銆傜敱浜嶮g(OH)2鍜孒3PO4鐨勪環鏍兼瘮杈冭吹錛屾(shen)垚鏈�緝楂橈(rao)紝澶勭悊楂樻祿搴︽皚姘�簾姘邨彲琛岋紝浣嗚�娉曞悜(cheng)搴熸(jian)按涓�姞鍏ヤ簡(jian)PO43-錛屾槗閫犳垚浜屾�姹℃煋(xing)銆�
 

3.2.3 紱誨瓙浜ゆ崲娉�
紱誨瓙浜ゆ崲娉曠殑瀹(yue)炶川鏄�笉婧舵€х�瀛愬寲鍚(yang)堢墿錛(ben)堢�瀛愪氦鎹㈠墏錛変笂鐨勫彲浜ゆ崲紱誨瓙涓庡(yi)簾姘翠腑鐨勫叾瀹冨悓鎬х�瀛愮殑浜ゆ崲鍙嶅簲錛屾槸(yi)涓(juan)€縐嶇壒孌婄殑鍚擱檮榪囩▼錛岄(yue)€氬父鏄�彲閫嗘€у寲瀛﹀惛(hun)闄勩€傛哺鐭(yu)蟲槸涓(juan)€縐嶅ぉ鐒剁�瀛愪氦(hai)鎹㈢墿璐�紝鍏朶環鏍(luo)艱繙(fan)浣庝簬闃崇�瀛(ying)愪氦鎹㈡爲(wei)鑴(xi)傦(gu)紝涓斿�NH4+-N鍏鋒湁閫夋嫨鎬х殑鍚擱檮鑳�
鍔涳紝鍏鋒湁杈冮(gang)珮(pei)鐨勯槼紱誨瓙浜(bang)ゆ崲瀹歸(gui)噺錛岀圅涓濆厜娌哥煶鍜屾枩鍙戞哺鐭崇殑闃崇�瀛愪氦鎹㈠�閲忓鉤鍧囦負姣�10 0g鐩槀綋浜�213鍜�223mg鐗╄川鐨勯噺(xin)錛坢.e錛夈€備絾瀹為檯澶(chan)╃劧娌哥煶涓�惈鏈変笉綰�墿璐�紝鎵€浠ョ圅搴﹁緝楂樼殑娌哥煶浜ゆ崲瀹歸噺姣(jiao)�10 0g涓嶅(ao)ぇ浜�20 0m.e錛屼竴鑸�負10 0鍀(de)�150m.e銆傛哺鐭充綔涓虹�瀛愪氦鎹㈠墏錛屽叿鏈夌壒孌婄殑紱誨(hui)瓙浜ゆ崲鐗(jian)槼(gui)€э紝(ren)瀵圭�瀛愮殑閫夋嫨浜ゆ崲欏鬨簭鏄�細Cs錛堚厾錛�>Rb錛堚厾錛�>K錛堚(hun)厾錛�>NH4+>Sr錛堚厾錛�>Na錛(ben)堚(hun)厾錛�>Ca錛堚叀(zhuan)錛�>Fe錛堚參錛�>Al錛堚參錛�>Mg錛堚叀錛�>Li錛堚(hun)厾(du)錛夈€傚伐紼嬭(nai)�璁(cong)″簲鐢ㄤ腑錛(ben)屽簾姘磒H鍊煎簲璋冩暣鍒�6鍀�9錛岄噸(dun)閲戝睘澶т綋涓婃病鏈変粈(rou)涔�
褰(qian)卞搷錛(ben)涚⒈閲戝睘銆佺(quan)⒈鍦熼(yi)噾灞炰腑闄(yao)�g浠ュ�閮芥湁褰卞搷錛屽(han)挨鍏舵槸Ca瀵槼哺鐭崇殑紱誨瓙浜(bang)ゆ崲鑳藉姏(man)褰卞搷姣擭a鍜孠鏇邨ぇ銆(mo)傛哺鐭衝惛闄勯ケ鍜屽悗蹇呴』榪涜�鍐嶇敓錛屼互閲囩(yun)敤鍐嶇敓娑叉硶涓轟富錛岀噧鐑ф硶寰堝皯鐢ㄣ€傚(xiao)啀鐢熸恫澶氶噰鐢∟aOH鍜孨aCl銆傜敱浜庡簾姘翠腑鍚�湁Ca2+錛(ben)岃嚧浣(huan)挎哺(bu)鐭衝�姘(pin)ㄧ殑鍘婚櫎鐜囧憟涓嶅彲(chi)閫嗘€х殑(qing)闄嶄綆錛(ben)岃�鑰冭檻琛ュ厖(pang)鍜屾洿(wu)鏂般€�
 

3.2.4 鍚硅劚(zhu)娉(ping)�
鍚硅劚娉曟槸灝(hao)嗗(wa)簾姘磋皟鑺傝嚦(li)紕辨€э紝鐒跥悗鍦ㄦ苯鎻愬�涓�€氬叆絀(chu)烘皵鎴栬捀姹觔紝閫氳繃姘旀恫鎺(zu)ヨЕ灝(hao)嗗簾姘翠腑鐨勬父紱繪皚鍚硅劚鑷衝ぇ姘(pin)斾腑(fu)銆傞€氬叆钂告苯錛屽彲鍗囬珮搴熸按娓╁害錛屼粠鑰屾彁楂樹竴瀹歱H鍊兼椂琚�惞(xin)鑴辯殑姘ㄧ殑姣旂巼銆傜敤(ke)璿(xuan)ユ硶澶勭悊姘(pin)ㄦ椂錛岄渶鑰冭檻鎺掓斁鐨勬(juan)父紱繪皚鎬婚噺搴旂(qi)�鍚堟皚鐨勫ぇ姘(pin)旀帓鏀炬爣鍑(fu)嗭紝浠(xi)ュ厤閫犳垚浜屾�姹℃煋銆備綆(geng)嫻撳害搴熸按閫氬父鍦ㄥ父娓╀笅鐢ㄧ┖姘斿惞鑴憋紝鑰岀偧(zha)閽€€佺煶娌(li)瓌寲宸(chen)ャ€佸寲鑲ャ€佹湁鏈鬨寲宸ユ湁鑹査噾灞炲喍鐐肩瓑琛屼(wu)笟鐨勯珮(pei)嫻撳害搴熸按鍒欏(luo)父鐢ㄨ捀(feng)姹借繘琛屽惞鑴便(bian)€�
 

3.2.5 娑茶啘娉�
鑷�粠1986騫撮粠蹇典箣鍙戠幇(bang)涔崇姸娑(suo)茶啘(ye)浠ユ潵錛屾恫鑶滄硶寰楀埌浜嗗箍娉(ping)涚殑鐮旂┒銆(mo)傝�澶氫(qing)漢璁や負娑茶啘鍒嗙�娉曟湁鍙�兘(shi)鎴(xi)愪負緇ц悆鍙栨硶(chen)涔嬪悗鐨勭�浜屼(wu)唬(hu)鍒嗙�綰�寲鎶€鏈�紝灝ゅ叾閫傜敤浜庝綆嫻(xian)撳害閲戝(zei)睘紱誨瓙鎻愮圅鍙婂(mian)簾姘邨�鐞嗙瓑榪囩▼銆備鉤(gou)鐘舵恫鑶(cang)滄硶鍘婚櫎(huang)姘ㄦ愛鐨勬満鐞嗘槸錛氭皚鎬佹愛(ai)NH3-N鏄撴憾浜庤啘鐩(sui)告補鐩革紝瀹冧粠鑶滅(mie)浉澶栭珮嫻撳害鐨勫�渚э紝閫氳繃(beng)鑶滅浉鐨勬墿鏁(suo)ｈ縼(xuan)縐伙紝鍒拌揫鑶滅浉(shi)鍐呬晶涓庡唴鐩哥(ge)晫闈�紝涓庤啘(ye)鍐呯浉涓�殑閰槀彂鐢熻В鑴卞弽搴旓紝鐢熸垚鐨凬H4+涓嶆憾(han)浜庢(zhi)補鐩謌(ge)€岀ǔ瀹氬湪鑶滃(weng)唴鐩鎬腑錛屽湪鑶滃唴(qiang)澶栦袱渚ф皚(ai)嫻撳害宸�殑鎺ㄥ姩涓嬶紝姘ㄥ垎瀛愪笉鏂�€氳繃鑶滆〃闈㈠惛闄勩€佹笚閫忔墿鏁ｈ縼縐昬嚦鑶滅浉鍐呬晶瑙ｅ惛(hun)錛屼(wu)粠鑰岃揫鍒闆(ban)垎(he)紱誨幓闄ゆ皚姘�殑鐩(sui)�殑銆�
 

3.2.6 鐢(fan)墊笚鏋愭硶
鐢墊笚鏋愭槸涓€縐嶈(qiang)啘娉曞垎紱繪妧鏈�紝鍏跥(duo)埄鐢ㄦ柦鍔犲湪闃撮槼鑶滃�涔嬮棿(ni)鐨勭數鍘嬪幓闄ゆ按婧舵(duo)恫涓(juan)�憾(han)瑙ｇ殑(qing)鍥轟(hong)綋銆傚湪鐢(fan)墊笚鏋愬(su)�鐨勯槾闃蟲笚閫忚啘涔嬮(yan)棿鏂藉姞鐩存祦鐢靛帇錛(ben)屽綋榪(ma)涙按閫氳繃澶氬�闃撮槼紱誨瓙娓楅€忚啘鏃譌紝閾(yu)電(dian)�瀛愬強鍏朶粬紱誨瓙(dao)鍦ㄦ柦鍔犵數鍘嬬殑褰卞搷涓嬶紝閫氳繃鑶滆€岃繘(yu)鍏ュ彟(yue)涓€渚х殑嫻撴按涓�苟鍦ㄦ祿姘翠腑闆嗭紝鍥犺€屼粠(hong)榪涙(lei)按涓�垎紱誨嚭鏉ャ€�
 

3.2.7 鍌�寲娿垮紡姘у寲(yi)娉�
鍌(xian)�寲娿垮紡姘у寲(yi)娉曟槸20涓栫(jian)邯80騫翠唬鍥介檯涓婂彂灞曡擣鏉(shou)ョ殑涓€縐嶆不鐞嗗簾姘寸殑鏂版妧鏈�€傚湪涓(juan)€瀹氭頫搴︺€佸帇鍔(e)涘拰鍌(xian)�寲鍓備綔鐢ㄤ笅錛岀粡絀烘皵姘у寲錛屽彲浣挎薄姘翠腑鐨勬湁鏈虹墿鍜屾皚鍒(rou)嗗埆姘у寲鍒嗚В鎴怌O2銆丯2鍜孒2O絳夋棤(cuo)瀹崇墿璐�紝杈懼埌鍑(fu)€鍖栫殑鐩�殑銆傝�娉曞叿鏈夊噣鍖栨晥鐜囬珮錛堝簾姘寸(cun)粡鍑€鍖栧悗鍙�揫鍒(rou)伴ギ鐢(fan)ㄦ按鏍(luo)囧噯(ai)錛夈€佹(gui)祦紼嬬畝鍗曘€佸崰鍦伴潰縐�皯絳夌壒鐐廣€傜粡(tong)澶氬勾搴(qian)旂敤涓庡疄璺碉紝榪欎竴搴熸按澶(chan)勭悊鏂槼硶鐨勫緩璁懼強榪愯�璐圭(gui)敤浠呬負甯謌�鏂(ou)槼硶鐨�60%宸﹀彸錛屽洜鑰屽(han)湪鎶€鏈�笂(wan)鍜岀粡嫻庝笂(wan)鍧囧叿鏈夎緝寮虹殑(qing)絝炰簤鍔涖€�
 

4 緇撹�

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